An Appraisal of Nurses’ Roles in Promoting Healthy Lifestyle Behaviors in General Hospital, Jos
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Background of the Study
Chronic diseases such as hypertension, diabetes, and cardiovascular disorders are on the rise globally, largely due to unhealthy lifestyle behaviors, including poor diet, physical inactivity, smoking, and alcohol consumption (Adeyemi et al., 2023). Nurses play a vital role in promoting health and preventing diseases by encouraging individuals to adopt healthier lifestyle choices. Their role extends beyond providing direct medical care to educating, counseling, and supporting patients in making informed decisions about their health (Johnson & Bello, 2024).
At General Hospital, Jos, nurses are at the forefront of patient care and have the potential to influence lifestyle behaviors through health promotion activities. They serve as patient educators, guiding individuals on proper nutrition, exercise, stress management, and disease prevention (Umar et al., 2023). However, despite the recognized importance of nurses in promoting healthy behaviors, there is limited empirical research assessing their actual contributions in healthcare settings, particularly in Nigeria.
The effectiveness of nurses in promoting healthy lifestyle behaviors depends on various factors, including their level of knowledge, institutional support, and patient receptiveness. In many healthcare settings, nurses face challenges such as high patient loads, inadequate training in health promotion, and a lack of resources, which can limit their ability to engage in preventive care activities (Ogunbanjo & Yakubu, 2024). Given these challenges, it is crucial to appraise the role of nurses in promoting healthy lifestyles at General Hospital, Jos, to identify gaps and recommend strategies for enhancing their impact on public health.
Statement of the Problem
Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) continue to rise in Nigeria, largely due to poor lifestyle choices. While nurses are expected to play a leading role in health promotion, their contributions are often underutilized, and their impact remains under-researched. Many patients in hospitals receive treatment for ailments but may not receive adequate guidance on how to prevent recurrence through lifestyle modifications (Aliyu et al., 2023). Additionally, the extent to which nurses actively promote healthy behaviors at General Hospital, Jos, is unclear. Are nurses sufficiently trained and supported to engage in health promotion? Do they prioritize lifestyle education in their patient interactions? Understanding these dynamics is essential for developing policies that enhance the effectiveness of nurses in preventive healthcare.
Objectives of the Study
1. To assess the role of nurses in promoting healthy lifestyle behaviors at General Hospital, Jos.
2. To examine the challenges faced by nurses in implementing health promotion activities.
3. To evaluate the effectiveness of nurse-led health education programs in influencing patients’ lifestyle choices.
Research Questions
1. What roles do nurses play in promoting healthy lifestyle behaviors at General Hospital, Jos?
2. What challenges do nurses face in implementing health promotion activities?
3. How effective are nurse-led health education programs in influencing patients’ lifestyle choices?
Research Hypotheses
1. Nurses play a significant role in promoting healthy lifestyle behaviors at General Hospital, Jos.
2. Challenges such as high workload and inadequate training limit the ability of nurses to engage in health promotion activities.
3. Nurse-led health education programs significantly improve patients' adoption of healthy lifestyle behaviors.
Scope and Limitations of the Study
This study will focus on nurses working at General Hospital, Jos, and their role in promoting healthy lifestyle behaviors. The research will include interviews and surveys with nurses and patients to assess their engagement in health promotion. However, the study may be limited by factors such as self-reported biases from nurses and patients, as well as constraints in accessing comprehensive hospital records.
Definitions of Terms
• Healthy lifestyle behaviors: Actions that contribute to maintaining good health, such as balanced nutrition, regular physical activity, and stress management.
• Health promotion: The process of enabling individuals to increase control over their health and improve it through education and awareness.
• Nurse-led interventions: Health initiatives designed and implemented by nurses to improve patient outcomes.
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